CAP 2028-34: A guide for reflection and debate 71 3. Policy actors • Who should be the target of the CAP: active farmers, food producers, land managers? • Can the concept of active farmer be useful? What should it be based on? • Should there be criteria for positive discrimination (young people, women, small farms, disadvantaged areas, membership of producer organisations, participation in RISAgri/FSDN, others)? • To what extent does the CAP have the capacity and vocation to respond to forestry producers? 4. Policy instruments Decoupled or decoupled payments • Should all farms with PLE (Potentially Eligible Area) be eligible, or should selectivity criteria be introduced (e.g. active farmers, limitation for non-productive land, part-time farming, etc.)? • How to ensure a balance between degressivity, modulation, minimum/maximum values and the need to gain scale? Support for small-scale farming • Doest it help to stabilise rural populations? How important is this type of support? • Should it be universal or limited by territory/activity? Coupled payments • Are they still justified? For which sectors? • If you consider it relevant, how should the support model for extensive livestock farming and grazing be reformulated? Agri-environmental measures (AEM) • Have they been effective? • Should they be merged/concentrated or should the areas of intervention be expanded? • Should they be based on compensation for costs/losses or include incentives? • Should they be annual, multi-annual or take the form of an action plan? • How should they be linked to support for the territory? Support for agricultural, forestry and agro-industrial investment • Are they still effective or do they distort the market? • How do you view the diversification of support through fees and financial instruments or investment vouchers for different types of beneficiaries and regions? • How can this support be reconciled with the transition to the externalisation of fixed capital (storage, transport, equipment, digitisation, etc.)? • In the case of diversification of agricultural activity, what is the role of the LEADER programme? Investment in infrastructure • What are the priority needs and how can they be financed, ensuring their long-term continuity? Organisation of production and knowledge • What kind of CAP instruments can stimulate the concentration of supply in POs to increase the degree of organisation? • In measures aimed at innovation and research (e.g. AKIS), what is the best way to ensure support in conjunction with other policies? 5. Governance, financial distribution and simplification • What is the appropriate level of national co-financing? Should the options of other Member States be taken into account? • In Portugal, how should the financial architecture be organised by major types of intervention? Should there be regional distribution (indicative or mandatory)? • Should there be a minimum financial allocation for certain purposes (climate, young people, environment, etc.)? Which objectives/themes should have pre-set limits? • How can effective simplification of support be ensured without losing control over the use of public funds?
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