Finding the right balance in uncertain times 119 With fiscal capacity increasingly limited, structural policies can help mitigate factors that are detrimental to growth. The main factors underlying the global slowdown are related to lack of investment and labour shortages. Policies that strengthen competition in goods markets, alleviate labour shortages and improve economic governance can help to overcome this slowdown. At the end of this chapter, which coincides with the end of the report, a paragraph is devoted to the recommendation that governments should encourage the development and dissemination of AI-based technologies. It is considered that these will be decisive for the emergence of new economic opportunities in the future. Structural reforms that promote wider adoption and implement the necessary measures to promote competition among AI companies are encouraged, preventing large enterprises in the sector from establishing market monopolies. It is also noted that recent studies published by the OECD indicate that the adoption of structural reforms in some G20 countries that encourage the use of AI technologies could increase annual GDP growth by up to 0.4 percentage points. In short, what the report seeks to highlight is that, although the global economy has proven to be more resilient than anticipated, clear risks remain: tariff uncertainty, political uncertainty and the vulnerability of financial systems. These data highlight the need for balanced structural, fiscal and economic policies that can adequately manage existing vulnerabilities without compromising growth and future resilience. 3 OECD/BCG/INSEAD (2025), The Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Firms: New Evidence for Policymaking, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/f9ef33c3-en
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